Software Testing & Quality Assurance Descriptive questions

Fiber Optic Transmissions

A fiber optic transmitter is a device that converts an electrical analog or digital signal into a corresponding optical signal. It is one of the components of fiber optics technology that uses long flexible glass-like fibers (optical fibers) for transmitting light signals over long distances. The other two components of the fiber optic transmission system are the fiber optic cable and the optical receiver. Some systems also possess the optical regenerator, which may be essential to boost the degraded light signal (for long distances).

The fiber optic transmitter includes a light emitting diode (LED), or a solid state laser diode, and signal conditioning electronics. Usually, the transmitter processes the signals of wavelengths of 850, 1310, or 1550 nm. LEDs are broadly used for short to moderate transmission distances, while laser diodes are meant for transmitting signals over long distances. Compared to LEDs, laser diodes can couple many times more power to optical fiber.

Separate fiber optic transmitters are available for single-mode fibers and multi-mode fibers. Also, some transmitters allow connecting both single mode and multimode cables in them. Biconic, D4, ESCON, FC, FDDI, LC, Loopback, MTP, MT-RJ, MU, SC, SMA, and ST are some of the common connectors.

Data rate (data bits transmitted per second), transmitter rise time (the time needed for a signal to change from a defined 10% to 90% of full power), wavelength (the output wavelength of the transceiver), spectral width (the spectral width of the output signal), and maximum optical output power are considered to be the important performance specifications while selecting a fiber optic transmitter. The speed of a transmitter is expressed in terms of its rise time.

To specify a fiber optic transmitter, it is necessary to refer to its operating temperature, signal inputs (such as TTL, ECL, CMOS video, and RF), pigtail, focusing lens (improving coupling between the transmitter and the fiber), and stand-alone.

More Questions: 

1. What is software testing?  Explain the purpose of testing.

2. Explain the concept of quality.

                  

3. Explain defect prevention.

4. Explain different methods available in white box testing with examples.

5. Explain the use of decision tables in testing.

6. Write a note on Quality Assurance in software support projects.

7. Explain the main purpose of SQA plan.

8. Explain the main objectives of black box techniques.

9. Develop an integration testing strategy for any of the system that you have

    implemented already.  List the problems encountered during such process.

10. Explain the use of McCall’s Factor-Criteria-Metric Model.

Internet Technology and Web Descriptive questions

OPTICAL DETECTORS

A transducer is usually a device that converts enter power of 1 sort into output energy of one more. An optical detector is often a transducer that converts an optical sign into an electrical signal. It does this by creating an electrical existing proportional on the intensity of incident optical radiation. The connection between the enter optical radiation as well as output electrical present is provided by the detector responsively. Responsively is discussed afterwards in this chapter.

OPTICAL DETECTOR Qualities

Fiber optic communications programs need that optical detectors meet up with certain functionality and compatibility demands. Numerous of your prerequisites are similar to these of the optical supply. Fiber optic systems require that optical detectors:Be appropriate in measurement to low-loss optical fibers to allow for successful coupling and simple packaging.

Have got a high sensitivity in the functioning wavelength of your optical resource.

Have a very sufficiently quick reaction time (sufficiently extensive bandwidth) to deal with the system's knowledge rate.

Add small amounts of noise on the method.

Keep secure procedure in shifting environmental problems, these types of as temperature.

Optical detectors that fulfill many of those needs and they are suitable for fiber optic techniques are semiconductor photodiodes. The principal optical detectors used in fiber optic techniques involve semiconductor positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes (APDs).

SEMICONDUCTOR PHOTODIODES

Semiconductor photodiodes deliver a recent whenever they absorb photons (light-weight). The quantity of current generated is dependent upon the following things:

The wavelengths of the incident light as well as responsivity in the photodiode at these wavelengths

The size in the photodiode energetic location relative for the fiber core dimension.

The alignment of your fiber along with the photodiode.

The optical fiber is coupled to semiconductor photodiodes likewise into the way optical sources are coupled to optical fibers. Fiber-to-photodiode coupling entails centering the flat fiber-end experience around the photodiode active spot. This is ordinarily accomplished immediately by butt coupling the fiber around the photodiode surface area. As long as the photodiode lively place is larger sized than that from the fiber main, fiber-to-detector coupling losses are really low. In a few cases a lens could possibly be utilized to couple the fiber end-face into the detector. However, that is not commonly carried out.

More Questions:

1.   What is the purpose of Internet Service Provider?               

2.   What is MODEM?                                                             

3.   What is Router and Gateway?                                        

4.   How do you edit text properties of Style sheet?            

5.   What is Event handling?                                                   

6.   Briefly explain VB Script variables.                                

7.   Explain naming rules of XML markup language.                      

8.   How do add Java Scripts in HTML page?                                              

9.   What is “foreach” statement?        

10.   Explain Ethernet and IEEE 802.x local area network.             

11.   Write a short note on:                                               

- Internet Control Message Protocol

- Address resolution protocol

- Bootstrap protocol

- SLIP

11.   What is OSPF protocol? Explain its features.    

12.   What is a packet? Show the process of Packets.      

13.   What is Style Sheets? Explain its purpose.             

14.   Briefly explain user datagram protocol (UDP).      

15.   What is the use of Network Address Translation? 

16.   What is the difference between an EXE and a DLL?                       

Descriptive questions for BSC-IT

1.     Briefly explain Registers.
  
Registers in computer language is a small set of data holding places which are part of a computer processor.  A register may hold a computer instruction, a storage address or any kind of data (individual characters or such as a bit sequence).  Some instructions specify registers as part of the instruction.  For example, an instruction may specify that the contents of two defined registers be added and then placed in a specified register.  A register must be large enough to hold an instruction - for example, in a 32-bit instruction computer, a register must be 32 bits in length. In some computer designs, there are smaller registers - for example, half-registers - for shorter instructions.  Depending on the processor design and language rules, registers may be numbered or have arbitrary names.

2.     What are compiler and interpreter?

A compiler is a program that process or translate a programming language to machine language. During the execution in progress the compiler parse or analyzes the language and build a output code. so main work of a compiler is to change the language from high level programming language to low level programming. And a compiler which use to translate a low level to high level language is known as decompiler. And also make sure that the statement refer to another are referred in final script. object coed or and object module is the output of the compilation. object code is machine code that processor execute one instruction at single time. A compiler runs many operation like lexical analysis, preprocessing, parsing, semantic analysis, code generation and code optimization.

An interpreter work to read and execute the source program written in high level programming language and also data of the program. It runs the programs and return the output results of programs. it is s program that execute directly without compiling them into machine language. a interpreter do the parsing of source code and perform its directly. it convert source code into efficient intermediate representation and execute it. interpreter  execute or compile the program line-by-line and return the output results.

3.     Explain the process of installing Windows XP.

Start your PC and insert CD of window XP in the CD or DVD ROM. Then computer start booting from the disk and you get a black scree. It will ask to press any keyboard key, and press any of key. after that a blue screen appear now you need to press F6 key. It will start loading window from the disk. In between this process you get the option to manage the hard drive of your machine if you want to install any of specific drive you can select. if you want to delete the drive it can also be done from that stage. There is also option to format the any of drive data before install the fresh window. after format the window will start copying on the selected drive. about 30-40 mns. your window will be install.


More questions.             

4.   Write a note on:                                                                      
      a) Clip gallery 
      b) Mail Merge  
      c) Work book 
      d) Logical functions